pre-islamic poetry between doubt and certainty

the phenomenon of doubt (hesitation) in pre-islamic (jaheli) poetry is usually accompanied with plagiarism (entehal). plagiary is not limited to any special nation; rather, it is widespread. in literary works of many nations. mohammad ibn-e-sallam aljomahi and abdolmalik ibn-e- hesham are among the most prominent critics of plagiary. also , morgolious, one of the greatest orientalists, has criticized this issue and branched the reasons for it into two categories: external and internal reasons. mostafa sadeq al-rafei is among the first contemporary arabs who took this issue into consideration. then dr. taha hossein in his book “the per-islamic poetry” discussed this issue. in the revised edition of his book titled “ pre-islamic literature “dr taha hossein pointed out that “what we call pre-islamic literature is not actually pre-islamic, rather it has been concocted in islamic era and attributed to pre-islamic (jaheli) period”. he also believes that “the poetry in this period dose not illustrate the religious, political, economic, and social life of people and that in the pre-islamic poetry, the two famous languages of the peninsula, adnanis and qahtanis have not been used”. not long after the publication of this book, it was faced with lots of criticism and following that many books appeared criticizing his ideas, some in an exagerated way and some with a fair judgement.